![]() The Indian Residential School Survivors Society Crisis Line (1-86) is available 24/7 for anyone experiencing distress as a result of residential schools. This book provides a powerful illustration of the power of locally adapted applications of psychodynamic child therapy and creative arts to enrich the lives of. The Canadian government’s apology to survivors of residential schools in 2008 was a start, but the journey to reconciliation and healing from the trauma remains work in progress. Today, Indigenous communities have a long road ahead of them in their fight against systemic trauma. Many Indigenous peoples have coped with (and continue to cope with) their trauma through the use of drugs, alcohol, and other harmful behaviours which have had critical consequences including poor health, incarceration, and death. Anxiety, discomfort, low self-esteem, and depression in younger generations are all symptoms of intergenerational trauma. Suicide, homelessness, and addiction are also more common in traumatised people, and these consequences have been connected to residential schools and the foster care system. Trauma can be passed down in various ways, including parents abusing or neglecting their children in the same manner they were abused or neglected as children. There is also emerging evidence suggesting that a person’s environment ca n lead to changes in the way their genes function, implying that trauma can modify a person’s DNA, leading their kids to inheriting its effects. Trauma among parents has been related to increased levels of PTSD, anxiety, and mood disorders in their children. There is robust evidence for the effects of intergenerational trauma in a number of key indicators of wellbeing in contemporary Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander life. According to researchers, residential schools, as well as other racist and colonial practises like the Indian Act, have caused intergenerational trauma. The impacts racism and colonization presented among the Aboriginal communitiesmaking them to engage in substance abuse. Physical and sexual abuse, as well as malnutrition were all common in residential schools. Amy Bombay, a Dalhousie University professor, describes intergenerational trauma as “the stressful and traumatic experiences faced by one generation impact the health, well-being, and experiences of the next generation.” This definition helps us understand why the recent reports of unmarked graves at previous residential schools caused pain to survivors and their families. It can manifest at the family level where parents are unable to provide suitable care due to their own trauma, at the community level due to dislocation from culture and kin. This is called intergenerational trauma ( also known as generational or transgenerational trauma). 4 Intergenerational trauma and mental health 2 Background The impact of intergenerational trauma on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people’s SEWB is multilayered. Many Indigenous peoples in Canada suffered traumas during their time in residential schools, which have been accumulated and passed down to later generations. Their intergenerational trauma means they are four times as likely to be living with severe disability, and four times as likely to have poor mental health. ![]() The preferred terminology used by Emerging Minds in our resources is Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander, as guided by our Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social and Emotional Wellbeing National Consultancy Group.Intergenerational Trauma of Indigenous Communities The AIHW claims they constitute a group who today are more oppressed than other Aborigines. ![]()
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